Henry M. Loope José Luis Antinao Casey Jones Nicholas P. Angelos 2025 GeMS Level 3 https://doi.org/10.14434/v7i1.36655 Chicago_N_Kankakee_QG_100k is an Esri File Geodatabase that contains one feature data set with four feature classes, and five geodatabase tables detailing the quaternary geology of the Indiana portion of Chicago and northern half of Kankakee 30- x 60-minute Quadrangles. This data set conforms to "GeMS (Geologic Map Schema) –a standard format for the digital publication of geologic maps." For more information on GeMS please refer to the supplemental information within this metadata. The Chicago_N_Kankakee_QG_100k geodatabase was created to provide Quaternary geologic information of the map area, including the spatial distribution of map units and corresponding descriptions, locations of boreholes, geochronology data, and other geologic point and line features. These data contribute to the characterization of mineral and water resources related to Quaternary sediments in the Indiana portion of Chicago and northern half of Kankakee 30- x 60-minute Quadrangles. This geodatabase is, in large part, the result of a cooperative mapping agreement between the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and the Indiana Geological and Water Survey through the STATEMAP program of the USGS. Chicago_N_Kankakee_QG_100k is a composite geodata set that conforms to GeMS (Geologic Map Schema), a standard format for the digital publication of geologic maps, available at http://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Info/standards/GeMS/. Metadata records associated with each element within the geodata set contain more detailed descriptions of their purposes, constituent entities, and attributes. An OPEN shapefile version of the data set is also available. It consists of shapefiles, DBF files, and delimited text files and retains all information in the native geodatabase, but some programming will likely be necessary to assemble these components into usable formats. These metadata were prepared with the aid of script GeMS_FGDCMetadata.py, version of 8/06/24. 2025 publication date Complete As needed -87.5238 -86.9966 41.7602 41.2394 ISO 19115 Topic Category geoscientificInformation None Atherton Formation Martinsville Formation Wadsworth Formation Glaciofluvial deposits Glaciolacustrine deposits Paludal deposits Lagoonal deposits Eolian deposits Alluvial deposits Fan-delta deposits Nearshore deposits Leroy Member (informal name) Merrillville Member (informal name) Fan deposits Wedron Group None Indiana Glacial Lake Chicago Lake County Porter County Jasper County None. Acknowledgment of the Indiana Geological and Water Survey would be appreciated in products derived from these data. None. Acknowledgment of the Indiana Geological and Water Survey would be appreciated in products derived from these data. The following source citation must be included: Loope, H. M., Antinao, J. L., Jones, C., and Angelos, N. P., 2025, Quaternary geology of the Indiana portions of the Chicago quadrangle and the northern half of the Kankakee 30- by 60-minute quadrangle [Data set]: Indiana Geological and Water Survey, Indiana Journal of Earth Sciences, v. 7, scale 1:100,000. doi: 10.14434/ijes.v7i1.36655 Indiana Geological and Water Survey mailing and physical

1001 E. 10th St.

Bloomington IN 47405-1405 US 8128557636 IGWSInfo@iu.edu Microsoft Windows 11 Version 23H2 (Build 22631.2715); Esri ArcGIS Pro 3.4.0 Geologic contacts and associated information were determined during 1:100,000-scale mapping of surficial material based on field observations and geologic knowledge of the mappers. Effort was made to ensure the accuracy of the geologic contacts and associated data. Confidence that a feature exists and confidence that a feature is correctly identified are described in per-feature attributes ExistenceConfidence and IdentityConfidence. Geologic contacts and associated information were determined through compilation of project field observations and boreholes, complemented with archived Indiana Geological and Water Survey maps and borehole data, Indiana Department of Natural Resources water well logs, and United States Department of Agriculture Soil Survey Geographic (SSURGO) data. Topology tests were performed to ensure the integrity of the data. These tests checked for polygon overlaps and gaps and line pseudos, dangles, and intersections. Dataset is considered complete for the information presented, as described in the abstract. Users are advised to read the rest of the metadata record carefully for additional details. Estimated accuracy of horizontal location is given on a per-feature basis by attribute LocationConfidenceMeters. Values are expected to be correct within a factor of 2. A LocationConfidenceMeters value of -9 or -9999 indicates that no value has been assigned. U.S. Geological Survey 2006 publication https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/fgdc_gds/geolsymstd.php Digital and/or Hardcopy 2006 publication date FGDC-STD-013-2006 Used to implement FGDC cartographic standards. Indiana Geological and Water Survey 2025 GeMS Level 3 Geodatabase https://doi.org/10.14434/v7i1.36655 Digital and/or Hardcopy 2025 publication date das002 this work U. S. Geological Survey 2025 vector digital data https://carto.nationalmap.gov/arcgis/rest/services/map_indices/MapServer/8 Digital and/or Hardcopy 2025 publication date das003 Map indices (100k, 30- x 60-minute quadrangles) were used to create map boundary. Evan Thoms (USGS) Ralph Haugerud (USGS) Ryan Crow (USGS) FreewheelMaps rwardwell (USGS) Jennie Latane (Geology and Mineral Resources Program in Virginia's Department of Energy) Daniel Miranda (USGS) Darby DeBruhl (South Carolina Geological Survey) 2024 2.13.2 ArcGIS Pro Toolbox https://github.com/usgs/gems-tools-pro Digital and/or Hardcopy 2024 publication date GeMS-tool-pro Used to implement and create level 3 GeMS database and generate metadata. US Geological Survey 2025 vector digital data https://carto.nationalmap.gov/arcgis/rest/services/govunits/MapServer/22 Digital and/or Hardcopy 2025 publication date das004 Used to generate sections of the map boundary in ContactsAndFaults. Todd A. Thompson 1992 publication Sedimentary Geology vol. 80, issue 3-4 n/a Elsevier BV ppg. 305-318 https://doi.org/10.1016/0037-0738(92)90048-V Digital and/or Hardcopy 1992 publication date das005 Beach ridges in GeologicLines U. S. Geological Survey 2025 vector digital data https://hydro.nationalmap.gov/arcgis/rest/services/ Digital and/or Hardcopy 2025 publication date das006 Shoreline of Lake Michigan in ContactsAndFaults Indiana Geological and Water Survey 2024 vector digital data Digital and/or Hardcopy 2024 observed das007 Helped inform creation of GenericPoints and ContactsAndFaults Geologic contacts were generated directly in ESRI ArcGIS Pro 3.4 by creating polylines at contact boundaries. Contact boundaries were determined by examination of LiDAR-based topographic and hillshade maps, United States Department of Agriculture Soil Survey Geographic (SSURGO) data, new and archived Indiana Geological and Water Survey borehole data, and Indiana Department of Natural Resources water well logs. Polyline features were converted to polygons using the “Feature to Polygon” tool and attributed with point data containing Map Unit identification. These polygons were imported into MapUnitPolys where topology was checked and corrected. Once corrected, MapUnitPolys was converted to lines and imported into ContactsAndFaults. Attributes were populated for ContactsAndFaults and MapUnitPolys based on GeMS requirements. 2025 Vector G-polygon 96170 Universal Transverse Mercator 16 0.9996 -87.0 0.0 500000.0 0.0 coordinate pair 0.6096 0.6096 meters North_American_Datum_1983 GRS 1980 6378137.0 298.257222101 DescriptionOfMapUnits Non-spatial table that captures content of the Description of Map Units (or equivalent List of Map Units and associated pamphlet text) included in a traditional paper geologic map. Has an internal hierarchy expressed by attribute HierarchyKey GeMS OBJECTID Internal feature number ESRI Unrepresentable domain MapUnitShort plain-text identifier of the map unit. Foreign key to DescriptionOfMapUnits table.GeMS Qal2 Glaciolacustrine and fan-delta deposits Producer defined Qae3 Eolian deposits Producer defined Qme Eolian deposits Producer defined Qwl3 Leroy member (informal name) Producer defined Qan2 Nearshore deposits, glacial Lake Chicago Producer defined Qmn Nearshore and onshore deposits Producer defined Qao Glaciofluvial deposits Producer defined Qae2 Eolian deposits Producer defined Qal1 Glaciolacustrine and fan-delta deposits Producer defined Qal4f Glaciolacustrine and fan-delta deposits Producer defined Qma Alluvial deposits Producer defined Qwm1 Merrillville member (informal name) Producer defined Qap Paludal deposits Producer defined Qal5 Glaciolacustrine and fan-delta deposits Producer defined Qal4c Glaciolacustrine and fan-delta deposits Producer defined Qwm2 Merrillville member (informal name) Producer defined Qae1 Eolian deposits Producer defined Qmp Paludal and lagoonal deposits Producer defined Qal3fd Glaciolacustrine and fan-delta deposits Producer defined Qwl2 Leroy member (informal name) Producer defined Qwl1 Leroy member (informal name) Producer defined Qan1 Nearshore deposits, glacial Lake Chicago Producer defined m Disturbed or manmade land (includes quarries and excavation/fill associated with infrastructure) Producer defined Qac Colluvial and alluvial fan deposits Producer defined water water Producer defined Qal3 Glaciolacustrine and fan-delta deposits Producer defined Name Name of map unit, as shown in boldface in traditional DMU, e.g., "Shnabkaib Member". Identifies unit within its hierarchical context. GeMS Unrepresentable domain FullName Name of map unit including identification of containing higher rank unit(s), e.g., "Shnabkaib Member of Moenkopi Formation". GeMS Unrepresentable domain Age Age of map unit as shown in Description of Map Units. Examples of values are "late Holocene", "Pliocene and Miocene", "Lower Cretaceous". GeMS Unrepresentable domain Description Free-format text description of map unit. Commonly structured according to one or more accepted traditions (e.g., lithology, thickness, color, weathering and outcrop characteristics, distinguishing features, genesis, age constraints) and terse. GeMS Unrepresentable domain HierarchyKey String that records hierarchical structure. Has form nn-nn-nn, nnn-nnn, or similar. Numeric, left-padded with zeros, dash-delimited. Each HierarchyKey fragment of each row MUST be the same length to allow text-based sorting of table entries. GeMS Unrepresentable domain ParagraphStyleToken that identifies formatting of paragraph(s) within traditional Description of Map Units that correspond to this table entry.GeMS normal a text paragraph formatting style that is not unusual this work Label Plain-text equivalent of the desired annotation for a feature: for example "14 Ma", or "^c" which (when used with the FGDC GeoAge font) results in the geologic map-unit label TRc (with TR run together to make the Triassic symbol). GeMS Unrepresentable domain Symbol Reference to a point marker, line symbol, or area-fill symbol that is used on the map graphic to denote the feature: perhaps a star for a K-Ar age locality, or a heavy black line for a fault. GeMS Unrepresentable domain AreaFillRGB {Red, Green, Blue} tuples that specify the suggested color (e.g., "255,255,255", "124,005,255") of area fill for symbolizing MapUnit. Each color value is an integer between 0 and 255, values are zero-padded to a length of 3 digits, and values are separated by commas with no space: NNN,NNN,NNN. GeMS Unrepresentable domain AreaFillPatternDescription Text description (e.g., "random small red dashes") provided as a convenience for users who must recreate symbolization. GeMS Unrepresentable domain DescriptionSourceID Source of map-unit description; foreign key to table Datasources. GeMS Data source ID for the description of a map unit. Values of <Null> indicate no entry. GeoMaterial Categorization of map unit based on lithologic and genetic character, term selected from NGMDB standard term list defined in Appendix A of GeMS documentation, available at http://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Info/standards/GeMS.. GeMS Type of geologic material. Values of <Null> indicate no entry. GeoMaterialConfidence Describes appropriateness of GeoMaterial term for describing the map unit. GeMS Describes appropriateness of GeoMaterial term for describing the map unit. Values of <Null> indicate no entry. DescriptionOfMapUnits_ID Primary key. GeMS Arbitrary string. Values should be unique within this database. DataSources Non-spatial table of sources of all spatial features, sources of some attributes of spatial features, and sources of some attributes of non-spatial table entries. GeMS OBJECTID Internal feature number ESRI Unrepresentable domain Source Plain-text short description that identifies the data source. GeMS Unrepresentable domain Notes Additional information specific to a particular feature or table entry. GeMS Unrepresentable domain. Free text. Values of <null> or #null indicate no entry. URL Universal Resource Locator (URL) or Document Object Identifier (DOI), identifies a document on the World Wide Web. GeMS Unrepresentable domain DataSources_ID Primary key. GeMS Arbitrary string. Values should be unique within this database. Glossary Non-spatial table that, for certain fields (including all Type fields, Confidence fields, and GeneralLithology), lists the terms that populate these fields, term definitions, and sources for definitions. GeMS OBJECTID Internal feature number ESRI Unrepresentable domain Term Plain-language word for a concept. Values must be unique within database as a whole. GeMS Unrepresentable domain Definition Plain-language definition. GeMS Unrepresentable domain DefinitionSourceIDSource of definition; foreign key to DataSources.GeMS das002 this work This report FGDC-STD-013-2006 Federal Geographic Data Committee [prepared for the Federal Geographic Data Committee by the U.S. Geological Survey], 2006, FGDC Digital Cartographic Standard for Geologic Map Symbolization: Reston, Va., Federal Geographic Data Committee Document Number FGDC-STD-013-2006, 290 p., 2 plates. This report Glossary_ID Primary key. GeMS Arbitrary string. Values should be unique within this database. MiscellaneousMapInformation Properties of the map report as a whole. May include title, authorship, scale, geologic mapping credit, editing credit, cartography credit, date of approval, local magnetic declination, publication series and number, and base map information. GeMS OBJECTID Internal feature number ESRI Unrepresentable domain MapProperty Name of map property. Examples include "Scale", "Authors and affiliations", "Magnetic declination". GeMS Unrepresentable domain. Free text. MapPropertyValue Value of map property. Examples = "1:24,000", "G.S. Smith1 and J. Doe2 1-Division of Geology, Some State, 2-Big University", "16.5 degrees" GeMS Unrepresentable domain. Free text. MiscellaneousMapInformation_ID Primary key. GeMS Arbitrary string. Values should be unique within this database. GeoMaterialDict Non-spatial table that provides values of GeoMaterial, placed in a hierarchy, and their definitions. For further information, see Appendix A in GeMS documentation, available at http://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Info/standards/GeMS. GeMS OBJECTID Internal feature number ESRI Unrepresentable domain HierarchyKey String that records hierarchical structure. Has form nn-nn-nn, nnn-nnn, or similar. Numeric, left-padded with zeros, dash-delimited. Each HierarchyKey fragment of each row MUST be the same length to allow text-based sorting of table entries. GeMS Unrepresentable domain GeoMaterialCategorization of map unit based on lithologic and genetic character, term selected from NGMDB standard term list defined in Appendix A of GeMS documentation, available at http://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Info/standards/GeMS..GeMS Loess Silty sediment, deposited by wind, commonly near glacial margin. GeMS Silt and clay of unspecified origin Sediment composed mostly of silt and (or) clay, formed by weathering and erosion of preexisting rocks or minerals; eroded particles or clasts are transported and deposited by gravity, air, water, or ice. GeMS Water or ice Water or ice GeMS Coarse-grained, mafic-composition intrusive igneous rock Rock that solidified from molten or partly molten material (magma) at some depth beneath Earths surface, thereby cooling slowly enough for mineral crystals to grow large enough to be visible to naked eye. Composed mostly of feldspar and dark-colored minerals. Includes gabbroic rock. GeMS Other materials Other materials GeMS Volcanic mass flow Volcanic deposits formed by mass movement (for example, debris avalanches, debris flows, lahar deposits), in many cases triggered by volcanic eruption. Debris avalanches that occur on volcanoes clearly without eruptive trigger may be classified as sedimentary (for example, as Debris flows, landslides, and other localized mass-movement sediment). GeMS Glacial till Mostly unsorted and unstratified material, generally unconsolidated, deposited directly by and underneath or adjacent to glacier without subsequent reworking by meltwater. Consists of heterogeneous mixture of clay, silt, sand, gravel, and boulders, ranging widely in size and shape. GeMS Mafic-composition lava flows Lateral, surficial outpourings of molten lava from vent or fissure; also, solidified bodies of rock that form when they cool. Low-silica parental magmas have low viscosity and tend to form extensive sheets that have generally low relief. Includes basaltic shield volcanoes, which may become very large (for example, in Hawaii). Composed of fine-grained, dark rocks, including basaltic. GeMS Schist and gneiss, of sedimentary-rock origin Foliated rock derived from preexisting sedimentary rocks by essentially solid-state mineralogical, chemical, or structural changes in response to marked changes in temperature, pressure, deformation, and (or) chemical environment, generally at depth in Earths crust. Includes schist (characterized by such strong foliation or alignment of minerals that it readily splits into flakes or slabs) and gneiss (characterized by alternating, irregular bands of different mineral composition). Mostly formed from fine-grained material such as mudstone. GeMS Metamorphic rock Rock derived from preexisting rocks and altered by essentially solid-state mineralogical, chemical, or structural changes, in response to marked changes in temperature, pressure, deformation, and (or) chemical environment, generally at depth in Earths crust. GeMS Meta-felsic and intermediate rock Rock derived from preexisting felsic and intermediate-composition rocks by essentially solid-state, mineralogical, chemical, or structural changes, in response to marked changes in temperature, pressure, deformation, and (or) chemical environment, generally at depth in Earths crust. Composed mostly of light-colored minerals; relatively enriched in silica. Includes metagranite, metadiorite, and meta-andesite. GeMS Marine sediment Mud and sand, deposited in various marine environments. May originate from erosion of rocks and sediment or may be derived from marine organisms (of carbonate or siliceous composition). GeMS Mostly sandstone Mostly sandstone, interbedded with other sedimentary rocks that locally may include conglomerate and finer grained clastic rocks (mudstone), carbonates, and (or) coal. GeMS Lava flows Lateral, surficial outpourings of molten lava from vent or fissure; also, solidified bodies of rock that form when they cool. Composed generally of fine-grained, dark-colored rocks (for example, basalt), which tend to form extensive sheets that have generally low relief, except in vent areas where cinder cones or shield volcanoes may form. Includes basaltic shield volcanoes, which may become very large (for example, Hawaii). GeMS Clastic sedimentary rock Sedimentary rock, composed predominantly of particles or clasts derived by erosion, weathering, or mass-wasting of preexisting rock and deposited by gravity, air, water, or ice. GeMS Meta-volcaniclastic rock Rock derived from preexisting volcaniclastic rocks by essentially solid-state, mineralogical, chemical, or structural changes, in response to marked changes in temperature, pressure, deformation, and (or) chemical environment, generally at depth in Earths crust. Composed of deformed but recognizable particles or clasts of volcanic explosive material. GeMS Lacustrine sediment, mostly coarse-grained Mostly well-sorted and well-bedded material, generally sand and gravel sized, with lesser amounts of silt and clay, deposited in perennial to intermittent lakes. Much of sediment is derived from material eroded and transported by streams. Mostly deposits of lake-marginal beaches and deltas. GeMS Mostly mudstone Mostly mudstone, interbedded with other sedimentary rocks that locally may include coarser grained clastic rocks (sandstone, conglomerate), carbonates, and (or) coal. GeMS Deformation-related metamorphic rock Rock derived from preexisting rocks by essentially solid-state mineralogical, chemical, or structural changes in response to strong deformation, commonly in association with marked changes in temperature, pressure, and (or) chemical environment. Generally forms in narrow, planar zones of local deformation (for example, along faults); characterized by foliation or alignment of mineral grains. Includes mylonite and cataclasite. GeMS Marine sediment, mostly fine-grained Mostly clay- and silt-sized sediment, deposited in relatively deep, quiet water, far removed from areas where coarser grained clastic sediments are washed into marine environment. Includes sediment derived from marine organisms. GeMS Ice-contact and ice-marginal sediment Mostly sand-, silt-, and gravel-sized particles or clasts derived from rock or preexisting sediment that has been eroded and transported by glaciers. As glacier melted, material was deposited by running water essentially in contact with glacial ice or was transported and deposited by glacially fed streams. Includes sediment deposited into water bodies adjacent to glacier. GeMS Colluvium and other widespread mass-movement sediment Sediment formed by slow, relatively widespread, downslope transport of particles or clasts produced by weathering and breakdown of underlying rock, sediment, and (or) soil. Composed of poorly sorted and poorly stratified material that ranges in size from clay to boulders. GeMS Chert Sedimentary rock, composed chiefly of microcrystalline or cryptocrystalline quartz. GeMS Volcaniclastic (fragmental) material Rock and unconsolidated material consisting of particles or clasts that were formed by volcanic explosion or aerial expulsion from volcanic vent. GeMS Mass movement sediment Sediment formed by downslope transport of particles or clasts produced by weathering and breakdown of underlying rock, sediment, and (or) soil. Composed of poorly sorted and poorly stratified material that ranges in size from clay to boulders. Includes colluvial, landslide, talus, and rock-avalanche deposits. GeMS Coastal zone sediment, mostly coarse-grained Mostly sand, silt, and gravel, deposited on beaches, in dunes, and in shallow-marine and related alluvial environments. GeMS Marine sediment, mostly coarse-grained Mud, sand, and gravel eroded from rocks and sediment on land, transported by streams, and deposited in marine deltas and basins. Mostly siliceous in composition. GeMS Intermediate-composition pyroclastic flows Hot ash, pumice, and rock fragments erupted from volcano. Material moves downslope commonly in chaotic flows; once deposited, hot fragments may compact under their own weight and weld together. Parental magma commonly erupts from stratovolcanoes as thick lava flows but also can generate strong explosive eruptions to form pyroclastic flows. Includes rocks that are, in color and mineral composition, intermediate between felsic and mafic rocks (for example, andesite). GeMS Coarse-grained, intermediate-composition intrusive igneous rock Rock that solidified from molten or partly molten material (magma) at some depth beneath Earths surface, thereby cooling slowly enough for mineral crystals to grow large enough to be visible to naked eye. Intermediate in color and in mineral composition (between felsic and mafic igneous rock). Includes dioritic rock. GeMS Felsic-composition lava flows Lateral, surficial outpourings of molten lava from vent or fissure; also, solidified bodies of rock that form when they cool. Because of their high silica content and resulting high viscosity, parental magmas tend to erupt explosively, and so these deposits are uncommon. Includes fine-grained, light-colored rock with rhyolitic, dacitic, trachytic, and latitic composition. GeMS Alluvial sediment Unconsolidated material deposited by streams or other bodies of running water as sorted or semisorted sediment in streambed, or on its floodplain or delta, or as cone or fan at base of mountain slope. Grain size varies from clay to gravel. GeMS Sandstone Sedimentary rock, composed predominantly of particles or clasts derived by erosion and weathering of preexisting rock; consists mostly of sand-sized particles, with or without fine-grained matrix of silt or clay. GeMS Ice-contact and ice-marginal sediment, mostly coarse-grained Mostly sand- and gravel-sized particles or clasts, with lesser amounts of silt and clay, derived from rock or preexisting sediment that has been eroded and transported by glaciers. As glacier melted, material was deposited by running water essentially in contact with glacial ice or was transported and deposited by glacially fed streams. Includes sediment deposited into water bodies adjacent to glacier. GeMS Glacial till, mostly sandy Mostly unsorted and unstratified material, generally unconsolidated, deposited directly by and underneath or adjacent to glacier without subsequent reworking by meltwater. Consists of heterogeneous mixture of clay, silt, sand, gravel, and boulders, ranging widely in size and shape. Relatively sandy in texture. GeMS Pyroclastic flows Hot ash, pumice, and rock fragments erupted from volcano or caldera. Material moves downslope commonly in chaotic flows; once deposited, hot fragments may compact under their own weight and weld together. GeMS Intermediate-composition lava flows Lateral, surficial outpourings of molten lava from vent or fissure; also, solidified bodies of rock that form when they cool. Parental magma commonly erupts from stratovolcanoes as thick lava flows. Includes rocks that are, in color and in mineral composition, intermediate between felsic and mafic rocks (for example, andesite). GeMS Air-fall tephra Fragments of volcanic rock and lava, of various sizes, carried into air by explosions and by hot gases in eruption columns or lava fountains; known as tephra. As tephra falls to ground, with increasing distance from volcano, average size of individual rock particles and thickness of resulting deposit decrease. Fine tephra deposited at some distance from volcano is known as volcanic ash. GeMS Eolian sediment Silt- and sand-sized sediment, deposited by wind. GeMS Fine-grained, mafic-composition intrusive igneous rock Rock that solidified from molten or partly molten material (magma) at shallow depth beneath Earths surface, thereby cooling quickly. Generally fine grained but may contain large mineral crystals (phenocrysts). Mostly found as tabular dikes or sills. Composed mostly of dark-colored minerals. Includes basaltic rock. GeMS Carbonate rock Sedimentary rock, consisting chiefly of carbonate minerals such as limestone or dolomite. GeMS "Made" or human-engineered land Modern, unconsolidated material known to have human-related origin. GeMS Glacial till, mostly clayey Mostly unsorted and unstratified material, generally unconsolidated, deposited directly by and underneath or adjacent to glacier without subsequent reworking by meltwater. Consists of heterogeneous mixture of clay, silt, sand, gravel, and boulders, ranging widely in size and shape. Relatively clayey in texture. GeMS Conglomerate Sedimentary rock, composed predominantly of particles or clasts derived by erosion and weathering of preexisting rock; contains more than 30 percent gravel-sized clasts. GeMS Exotic-composition intrusive igneous rock Rock that solidified from molten or partly molten material (magma) below Earths surface that has exotic mineralogical, textural, or field setting characteristics. Typically dark colored with abundant phenocrysts. Includes kimberlite, lamprophyre, lamproite, and foiditic rocks. GeMS Limestone Carbonate sedimentary rock, consisting chiefly of calcite. GeMS Rock and sediment Various rocks and sediment, not differentiated. GeMS Residual material Unconsolidated material, developed in place by weathering of underlying rock or sediment. Usually forms relatively thin surface layer that conceals unweathered or partly altered source material. Material from which soils are formed. GeMS Quartzite Rock derived from preexisting quartz-rich sedimentary rocks (commonly sandstone) and altered by essentially solid-state mineralogical, chemical, or structural changes, in response to marked changes in temperature, pressure, shear stress, and (or) chemical environment, generally at depth in Earths crust. GeMS Lower-grade metamorphic rock, of unspecified origin Rock derived from preexisting rocks and altered by essentially solid-state mineralogical, chemical, or structural changes, in response to relatively mild regional changes in temperature, pressure, deformation, and (or) chemical environment, generally at depth in Earths crust. Origin of preexisting rock is mixed (for example, igneous and sedimentary) or is not known. Includes slate and phyllite. GeMS Regional metamorphic rock, of unspecified origin Rock derived from preexisting rocks and altered by essentially solid-state mineralogical, chemical, or structural changes, in response to marked regional changes in temperature, pressure, deformation, and (or) chemical environment, generally at depth in Earths crust. Origin of preexisting rock is mixed (for example, igneous and sedimentary) or is not known. GeMS Intermediate-composition air-fall tephra Fragments of volcanic rock and lava, of various sizes, carried into the air by explosions and by hot gases in eruption columns or lava fountains; known as tephra. As tephra falls to ground, with increasing distance from volcano, average size of individual rock particles and thickness of resulting deposit decrease. Parental magma commonly erupts from stratovolcanoes as thick lava flows but also can generate strong explosive eruptions to form pyroclastic flows. Includes rocks that are, in color and mineral composition, intermediate between felsic and mafic rocks (for example, andesite). GeMS Slate and phyllite, of sedimentary-rock origin Fine-grained rock derived from preexisting sedimentary rocks and altered by essentially solid-state mineralogical, chemical, or structural changes, in response to marked changes in temperature, pressure, deformation, and (or) chemical environment, generally at depth in Earths crust. Includes phyllite and slate (compact, fine-grained rock that possesses strong cleavage and, hence, can be split into slabs and thin plates). Mostly formed from fine-grained material such as mudstone. GeMS Metasedimentary rock Rock derived from preexisting sedimentary rocks and altered by essentially solid-state mineralogical, chemical, or structural changes, in response to marked changes in temperature, pressure, deformation, and (or) chemical environment, generally at depth in Earths crust. GeMS Intrusive igneous rock Rock that solidified from molten or partly molten material (magma) below Earths surface. GeMS Fine-grained intrusive igneous rock Rock that solidified from molten or partly molten material (magma) at shallow depth beneath Earths surface, thereby cooling quickly. Generally fine grained but may contain large mineral crystals (phenocrysts). Mostly found as tabular dikes or sills. GeMS Mafic-composition pyroclastic flows Hot ash, pumice, and rock fragments erupted from volcano. Material moves downslope commonly in chaotic flows; once deposited, hot fragments may compact under their own weight and weld together. Because of their low silica content and resulting low viscosity, parental magmas tend to erupt gently as lava flows rather than more forcefully as pyroclastic flows. Includes basalt; rocks are commonly dark-colored. GeMS Mudstone Sedimentary rock, composed predominantly of particles or clasts derived by erosion and weathering of preexisting rock; consists mostly of mud (that is, silt- and clay-sized particles). Includes shale and siltstone. GeMS Alluvial sediment, mostly fine-grained Unconsolidated material deposited by streams or other bodies of running water as sorted or semisorted sediment in streambed, or on its floodplain or delta, or as cone or fan at base of mountain slope. Sediment is mostly silt and clay but may also contain some sand and gravel. GeMS Lacustrine sediment, mostly fine-grained Mostly well-sorted and well-bedded material, generally silt and clay sized, with lesser amounts of sand, deposited in perennial to intermittent lakes. GeMS Ultramafic intrusive igneous rock Rock that solidified from molten or partly molten material (magma) at some depth beneath Earths surface, thereby cooling slowly enough for mineral crystals to grow large enough to be visible to naked eye. Composed almost entirely of mafic minerals (for example, hypersthene, augite, olivine). GeMS Coastal zone sediment Mud and sand, with lesser amounts of gravel, deposited on beaches, on barrier islands, or in nearshore-marine, deltaic, or various low-energy shoreline (mud flat, tidal flat, sabka, algal flat) environments. GeMS Contact-metamorphic rock Altered rock that originated by local processes of thermal metamorphism, genetically related to intrusion and extrusion of magmas and taking place at or near contact with body of igneous rock. Metamorphic changes are effected by heat and fluids emanating from magma and by some deformation because of emplacement of igneous mass. GeMS Carbonate sediment Sediment formed by biotic or abiotic precipitation from aqueous solution of carbonates of calcium, magnesium, or iron (for example, limestone, dolomite). GeMS Unmapped area Unmapped area GeMS Sedimentary rock Consolidated material (rock) composed of particles transported and deposited by gravity, air, water, or ice, or accumulated by other natural agents operating at Earths surface, such as chemical precipitation or secretion by organisms. Does not here include sedimentary material directly deposited as result of volcanic activity. GeMS Ice-contact and ice-marginal sediment, mostly fine-grained Mostly silt- and clay-sized particles or clasts, with lesser amounts of sand and gravel, derived from rock or preexisting sediment that has been eroded and transported by glaciers. As glacier melted, material was deposited by running water essentially in contact with glacial ice or was transported and deposited by glacially fed streams. Includes sediment deposited into water bodies adjacent to glacier. GeMS Sediment Unconsolidated material (sediment) composed of particles deposited by gravity, air, water, or ice, or as accumulated by other natural agents operating at Earths surface such as chemical precipitation or secretion by organisms. Does not include sedimentary material directly deposited as a result of volcanic activity. GeMS Felsic-composition pyroclastic flows Hot ash, pumice, and rock fragments erupted from volcano or caldera. Material moves downslope commonly in chaotic flows; once deposited, hot fragments may compact under their own weight and weld together. Because of their high-silica content and resulting high viscosity, parental magmas tend to erupt explosively. Includes rhyolite, dacite, trachyte, latite; rocks are commonly light-colored. GeMS Evaporitic rock Sedimentary rock, composed primarily of minerals produced by evaporation of saline solution. Examples include gypsum, anhydrite, other diverse sulfates, halite (rock salt), primary dolomite, and rocks composed of various nitrates and borates. GeMS Peat and muck Unconsolidated material, principally composed of plant remains, with lesser amounts of fine-grained clastic sediment. Deposited in water-saturated environment such as swamp, marsh, or bog. With lithification, such material becomes coal. GeMS Meta-carbonate rock Rock derived from preexisting carbonate sedimentary rocks and altered by essentially solid-state mineralogical, chemical, or structural changes, in response to marked changes in temperature, pressure, deformation, and (or) chemical environment, generally at depth in Earths crust. Characterized by recrystallization of carbonate minerals in source rock. Includes marble (for which preexisting rock was dominantly limestone or other rock composed of calcite), dolomitic marble, meta-dolostone, and meta-dolomite (for which preexisting rock contained appreciable amount of magnesium). GeMS Glacial till, mostly silty Mostly unsorted and unstratified material, generally unconsolidated, deposited directly by and underneath or adjacent to glacier without subsequent reworking by meltwater. Consists of heterogeneous mixture of clay, silt, sand, gravel, and boulders, ranging widely in size and shape. Relatively loamy (silty) in texture. GeMS Sandstone and mudstone Sandstone and mudstone (including shale and siltstone), in approximately equal (or unspecified) proportions. GeMS Coarse-grained intrusive igneous rock Rock that solidified from molten or partly molten material (magma) at some depth beneath Earths surface, thereby cooling slowly enough for mineral crystals to grow large enough to be visible to naked eye. GeMS Meta-mafic rock Rock derived from preexisting mafic rocks by essentially solid-state, mineralogical, chemical, or structural changes, in response to marked changes in temperature, pressure, deformation, and (or) chemical environment, generally at depth in Earths crust. Composed mostly of iron- and magnesium-bearing, dark-colored and (or) green minerals. Includes greenstone, amphibolite, and metagabbro. GeMS Medium and high-grade regional metamorphic rock, of unspecified origin Rock derived from preexisting rocks and altered by essentially solid-state mineralogical, chemical, or structural changes, in response to relatively intense regional changes in temperature, pressure, deformation, and (or) chemical environment, generally at depth in Earths crust. Origin of preexisting rock is mixed (for example, igneous and sedimentary) or is not known. Includes amphibolite, granulite, schist, and gneiss. GeMS Fine-grained, intermediate-composition intrusive igneous rock Rock that solidified from molten or partly molten material (magma) at shallow depth beneath Earths surface, thereby cooling quickly. Generally fine grained but may contain large mineral crystals (phenocrysts). Mostly found as tabular dikes or sills. Intermediate in color and in mineral composition (between felsic and mafic igneous rock). Includes andesitic rock. GeMS Playa sediment Fine-grained clastic sediment and evaporitic salts, deposited in ephemeral lakes in centers of undrained basins. Includes material deposited in playas, mud flats, salt flats, and adjacent saline marshes. Generally interbedded with eolian sand and with lacustrine sediment deposited during wetter climatic periods; commonly intertongues upslope with sediment deposited by alluvial fans. GeMS Meta-ultramafic rock Rock derived from preexisting ultramafic rocks by essentially solid-state, mineralogical, chemical, or structural changes, in response to marked changes in temperature, pressure, deformation, and (or) chemical environment, generally at depth in Earths crust. Composed mostly of magnesium-bearing minerals (for example, serpentine, talc, magnesite). GeMS Sedimentary material An aggregation of particles deposited by gravity, air, water, or ice, or as accumulated by other natural agents operating at Earths surface such as chemical precipitation or secretion by organisms. May include unconsolidated material (sediment) and (or) sedimentary rock. Does not include sedimentary material directly deposited as a result of volcanic activity. GeMS Coarse-grained, felsic-composition intrusive igneous rock Rock that solidified from molten or partly molten material (magma) at some depth beneath Earths surface, thereby cooling slowly enough for mineral crystals to grow large enough to be visible to naked eye. Composed mostly of light-colored minerals (for example, feldspar, quartz). Includes granitic, syenitic, and monzonitic rock. GeMS Mostly carbonate rock Mostly carbonate rock, interbedded with other sedimentary rock types. GeMS Clastic sediment Sediment formed by weathering and erosion of preexisting rocks or minerals; eroded particles or clasts are transported and deposited by gravity, air, water, or ice. GeMS Felsic-composition air-fall tephra Fragments of volcanic rock and lava, of various sizes, carried into air by explosions and by hot gases in eruption columns or lava fountains; known as tephra. As tephra falls to ground, with increasing distance from volcano, average size of individual rock particles and thickness of resulting deposit decrease. Because of their high silica content and resulting high viscosity, felsic-composition magmas tend to erupt explosively, readily forming pumice and volcanic ash. Composed of light-colored rocks (for example, rhyolite, dacite, trachyte, latite). GeMS Dune sand Mostly sand-sized sediment, deposited by wind. Typically characterized by various dune landforms. GeMS Rock Various rock types, not differentiated. GeMS Igneous and metamorphic rock Consists of coarse-grained intrusive igneous rock and generally medium- to high-grade metamorphic rock. GeMS Fine-grained, felsic-composition intrusive igneous rock Rock that solidified from molten or partly molten material (magma) at shallow depth beneath Earths surface, thereby cooling quickly. Generally fine grained but may contain large mineral crystals (phenocrysts). Mostly found as tabular dikes or sills. Composed mostly of light-colored minerals. Includes rhyolitic, dacitic, trachytic, and latitic rock. GeMS Igneous rock Rock and fragmental material that solidified from molten or partly molten material (magma). GeMS Sand and gravel of unspecified origin Sediment composed mostly of sand and (or) gravel, formed by weathering and erosion of preexisting rocks or minerals; eroded particles or clasts are transported and deposited by gravity, air, water, or ice. GeMS Extrusive igneous material Molten material that was erupted onto Earths surface, fusing into rock or remaining as unconsolidated particles. Includes pyroclastic flows, air-fall tephra, lava flows, and volcanic mass flows. GeMS Dolomite Carbonate sedimentary rock, consisting chiefly of dolomite. Although dolostone is the proper analog to limestone, it has not often been applied to dolomitic units. GeMS Iron-rich sedimentary rock Sedimentary rock, in which at least half (by volume) of observed minerals are iron bearing (hematite, magnetite, limonite group minerals, siderite, iron sulfides). GeMS Debris flows, landslides, and other localized mass-movement sediment Sediment formed by relatively localized, downslope transport of particles or clasts produced by weathering and breakdown of underlying rock, sediment, and (or) soil. Composed of poorly sorted and poorly stratified material that ranges in size from clay to boulders. Speed of downslope transport ranges from rapid to imperceptible. GeMS Metaigneous rock Rock derived from preexisting igneous rocks and altered by essentially solid-state, mineralogical, chemical, or structural changes, in response to marked changes in temperature, pressure, shear stress, and (or) chemical environment, generally at depth in Earths crust. GeMS Mafic-composition air-fall tephra Fragments of volcanic rock and lava, of various sizes, carried into the air by explosions and by hot gases in eruption columns or lava fountains; known as tephra. As tephra falls to ground, with increasing distance from volcano, average size of individual rock particles and thickness of resulting deposit decrease. Because of their low silica content and resulting low viscosity, parental magmas tend to erupt gently as lava flows, and so these deposits are uncommon. Includes basalt; rocks are commonly dark-colored. GeMS Lacustrine sediment Mostly well-sorted and well-bedded material that ranges in grain size from clay to gravel, deposited in perennial to intermittent lakes. Much of sediment is derived from material eroded and transported by streams. Includes deposits of lake-marginal beaches and deltas. GeMS Coastal zone sediment, mostly fine-grained Mostly clay and silt, deposited in lagoons, tidal flats, backbarriers, and coastal marshes. GeMS Coal and lignite Organic-rich sedimentary rock, formed from compaction and alteration of plant remains. Coal is consolidated, harder, black rock. Lignite is semiconsolidated, brown to black, earthy material that may contain large particles of recognizable plant parts and tends to crack upon drying. GeMS Alluvial sediment, mostly coarse-grained Unconsolidated material deposited by streams or other bodies of running water as sorted or semisorted sediment in streambed, or on its floodplain or delta, or as cone or fan at base of mountain slope. Sediment is mostly sand, gravel, and coarser material but may also contain some silt and clay. GeMS Sedimentary and extrusive igneous material Either (1) sedimentary rock and (or) unconsolidated material (sediment) and extrusive igneous material (volcanic rock and [or] sediment) or (2) volcanic rock and (or) sediment and such material after erosion and redeposition. GeMS IndentedName Name with addition of leading spaces to help show rank within a hierarchical list. GeMS Unrepresentable domain Definition Plain-language definition. GeMS Unrepresentable domain MapUnitPolys Polygons that record distribution of map units (including water, snowfields, glaciers, and unmapped area) on the particular map horizon. In the original file geodatabase, this dataset is found within the GeologicMap feature dataset. GeMS OBJECTID Internal feature number ESRI Unrepresentable domain Shape Internal geometry object ESRI Unrepresentable domain Shape_Length Internal feature length, double ESRI Unrepresentable domain Shape_Area Internal feature area, double ESRI Unrepresentable domain MapUnitShort plain-text identifier of the map unit. Foreign key to DescriptionOfMapUnits table.GeMS Qal2 Glaciolacustrine and fan-delta deposits Producer defined Qae3 Eolian deposits Producer defined Qme Eolian deposits Producer defined Qwl3 Leroy member (informal name) Producer defined Qan2 Nearshore deposits, glacial Lake Chicago Producer defined Qao Glaciofluvial deposits Producer defined Qmn Nearshore and onshore deposits Producer defined Qae2 Eolian deposits Producer defined Qal1 Glaciolacustrine and fan-delta deposits Producer defined Qal4f Glaciolacustrine and fan-delta deposits Producer defined Qma Alluvial deposits Producer defined Qwm1 Merrillville member (informal name) Producer defined Qap Paludal deposits Producer defined Qal4c Glaciolacustrine and fan-delta deposits Producer defined Qal5 Glaciolacustrine and fan-delta deposits Producer defined Qwm2 Merrillville member (informal name) Producer defined Qae1 Eolian deposits Producer defined Qmp Paludal and lagoonal deposits Producer defined Qal3fd Glaciolacustrine and fan-delta deposits Producer defined Qwl2 Leroy member (informal name) Producer defined Qwl1 Leroy member (informal name) Producer defined Qan1 Nearshore deposits, glacial Lake Chicago Producer defined m manmade Producer defined Qac Colluvial and alluvial fan deposits Producer defined water water Producer defined Qal3 Glaciolacustrine and fan-delta deposits Producer defined IdentityConfidenceConfidence that feature is correctly identified.GeMS certain Identity of a feature can be determined using relevant observations and scientific judgment; therefore, one can be reasonably confident in the credibility of this interpretation. Federal Geographic Data Committee [prepared for the Federal Geographic Data Committee by the U.S. Geological Survey], 2006, FGDC Digital Cartographic Standard for Geologic Map Symbolization: Reston, Va., Federal Geographic Data Committee Document Number FGDC-STD-013-2006, 290 p., 2 plates. Label Plain-text equivalent of the desired annotation for a feature: for example "14 Ma", or "^c" which (when used with the FGDC GeoAge font) results in the geologic map-unit label TRc (with TR run together to make the Triassic symbol). GeMS Unrepresentable domain Symbol Reference to a point marker, line symbol, or area-fill symbol that is used on the map graphic to denote the feature: perhaps a star for a K-Ar age locality, or a heavy black line for a fault. GeMS Unrepresentable domain DataSourceIDSource of data; foreign key to table DataSources.GeMS das002 this work This report Notes Additional information specific to a particular feature or table entry. GeMS Unrepresentable domain. Free text. Values of <null> or #null indicate no entry. MapUnitPolys_ID Primary key. GeMS Arbitrary string. Values should be unique within this database. ContactsAndFaults Contacts between map units, faults that bound map units, and associated dangling faults. Includes concealed faults and contacts, waterlines, snowfield and glacier boundaries, and map boundary. In the original file geodatabase, this dataset is found within the GeologicMap feature dataset. GeMS OBJECTID Internal feature number ESRI Unrepresentable domain Shape Internal geometry object ESRI Unrepresentable domain Shape_Length Internal feature length, double ESRI Unrepresentable domain TypeClassifier that specifies what kind of geologic feature is represented by a database element: that a certain line within feature class ContactsAndFaults is a contact, or thrust fault, or water boundary; or that a point in GeochronPoints represents a K-Ar date.GeMS map boundary contacts that are created as a result of clipping map units to the extent of the area of interest this work contact Line depicting the contact between geologic units this work IsConcealed Flag for contacts and faults covered by overlying map unit. GeMS Unrepresentable domain LocationConfidenceMeters Estimated half-width in meters of positional uncertainty envelope; position is relative to other features in database. GeMS Positive real number. Value of -9, -99, or -999 indicates value is unknown. ExistenceConfidenceConfidence that feature exists.GeMS certain Identity of a feature can be determined using relevant observations and scientific judgment; therefore, one can be reasonably confident in the credibility of this interpretation. Federal Geographic Data Committee [prepared for the Federal Geographic Data Committee by the U.S. Geological Survey], 2006, FGDC Digital Cartographic Standard for Geologic Map Symbolization: Reston, Va., Federal Geographic Data Committee Document Number FGDC-STD-013-2006, 290 p., 2 plates. IdentityConfidenceConfidence that feature is correctly identified.GeMS certain Identity of a feature can be determined using relevant observations and scientific judgment; therefore, one can be reasonably confident in the credibility of this interpretation. Federal Geographic Data Committee [prepared for the Federal Geographic Data Committee by the U.S. Geological Survey], 2006, FGDC Digital Cartographic Standard for Geologic Map Symbolization: Reston, Va., Federal Geographic Data Committee Document Number FGDC-STD-013-2006, 290 p., 2 plates. Label Plain-text equivalent of the desired annotation for a feature: for example "14 Ma", or "^c" which (when used with the FGDC GeoAge font) results in the geologic map-unit label TRc (with TR run together to make the Triassic symbol). GeMS Unrepresentable domain Symbol Reference to a point marker, line symbol, or area-fill symbol that is used on the map graphic to denote the feature: perhaps a star for a K-Ar age locality, or a heavy black line for a fault. GeMS Unrepresentable domain DataSourceIDSource of data; foreign key to table DataSources.GeMS das002 this work This report Notes Additional information specific to a particular feature or table entry. GeMS Unrepresentable domain. Free text. Values of <null> or #null indicate no entry. ContactsAndFaults_ID Primary key. GeMS Arbitrary string. Values should be unique within this database. GenericPoints Various points used for the creation of the map. These include, strat picks, HVSR collections, etc. Producer defined OBJECTID Internal feature number ESRI Unrepresentable domain Shape Internal geometry object ESRI Unrepresentable domain TypeClassifier that specifies what kind of geologic feature is represented by a database element: that a certain line within feature class ContactsAndFaults is a contact, or thrust fault, or water boundary; or that a point in GeochronPoints represents a K-Ar date.GeMS GL gamma log only this work Boreholes with verified stratigraphic information Boreholes with verified stratigraphic information this work SO samples only this work igws core, Wireline physical core and wireline this work LS gamma log and samples this work igws core, Powerprobe physical core, powerprobe this work Symbol Reference to a point marker, line symbol, or area-fill symbol that is used on the map graphic to denote the feature: perhaps a star for a K-Ar age locality, or a heavy black line for a fault. GeMS Unrepresentable domain Label Plain-text equivalent of the desired annotation for a feature: for example "14 Ma", or "^c" which (when used with the FGDC GeoAge font) results in the geologic map-unit label TRc (with TR run together to make the Triassic symbol). GeMS Unrepresentable domain LocationConfidenceMeters Estimated half-width in meters of positional uncertainty envelope; position is relative to other features in database. GeMS Positive real number. Value of -9, -99, or -999 indicates value is unknown. PlotAtScale At what scale (or larger) should this observation or analysis be plotted? At smaller scales, it should not be plotted. Useful to prevent crowding of display at small scales and to display progressively more data at larger and larger scales. Value is scale denominator. GeMS Positive real number. StationsID Foreign key to Stations point feature class. GeMS Unrepresentable domain MapUnit Short plain-text identifier of the map unit. Foreign key to DescriptionOfMapUnits table. GeMS Values of <Null> indicate no entry. LocationSourceID Source of location; foreign key to table DataSources. GeMS Values of <Null> indicate no entry. DataSourceIDSource of data; foreign key to table DataSources.GeMS das002 this work This report Notes Additional information specific to a particular feature or table entry. GeMS Unrepresentable domain. Free text. Values of <null> or #null indicate no entry. GenericPoints_ID Primary key. GeMS Arbitrary string. Values should be unique within this database. GeologicLines Lines that represent dikes, coal seams, ash beds, fold hinge-surface traces, isograds, and other linear features. All have these properties: (A) They do not participate in map-unit topology. (B) They correspond to features that exist within the Earth and may be concealed beneath younger, covering, material. (C) They are located with an accuracy that likely can be estimated. In the original file geodatabase, this dataset is found within the GeologicMap feature dataset. GeMS OBJECTID Internal feature number ESRI Unrepresentable domain Shape Internal geometry object ESRI Unrepresentable domain TypeClassifier that specifies what kind of geologic feature is represented by a database element: that a certain line within feature class ContactsAndFaults is a contact, or thrust fault, or water boundary; or that a point in GeochronPoints represents a K-Ar date.GeMS beach ridge landform shaped by wave action this work eolian dune ridge Elevated portion of the landscape, along the crest of a dune, composed of windblown sand. this work tunnel channel channel carved under the ice this work wave-cut scarp landform shaped by erosional wave processes this work moraine ridge Elevated portion of the landscape, composed of unconsolidated sediment accumulated on a moraine, along the ice margin. this work glaciofluvial scarp an accumulation of unconsolidated material deposited by water this work ice-contact scarp an accumulation of sediment derived directly from a stationary glacial ice margin, typically associated with deposition of outwash this work IsConcealed Flag for contacts and faults covered by overlying map unit. GeMS Unrepresentable domain LocationConfidenceMeters Estimated half-width in meters of positional uncertainty envelope; position is relative to other features in database. GeMS Positive real number. Value of -9, -99, or -999 indicates value is unknown. ExistenceConfidenceConfidence that feature exists.GeMS certain Identity of a feature can be determined using relevant observations and scientific judgment; therefore, one can be reasonably confident in the credibility of this interpretation. Federal Geographic Data Committee [prepared for the Federal Geographic Data Committee by the U.S. Geological Survey], 2006, FGDC Digital Cartographic Standard for Geologic Map Symbolization: Reston, Va., Federal Geographic Data Committee Document Number FGDC-STD-013-2006, 290 p., 2 plates. IdentityConfidenceConfidence that feature is correctly identified.GeMS certain Identity of a feature can be determined using relevant observations and scientific judgment; therefore, one can be reasonably confident in the credibility of this interpretation. Federal Geographic Data Committee [prepared for the Federal Geographic Data Committee by the U.S. Geological Survey], 2006, FGDC Digital Cartographic Standard for Geologic Map Symbolization: Reston, Va., Federal Geographic Data Committee Document Number FGDC-STD-013-2006, 290 p., 2 plates. Symbol Reference to a point marker, line symbol, or area-fill symbol that is used on the map graphic to denote the feature: perhaps a star for a K-Ar age locality, or a heavy black line for a fault. GeMS Unrepresentable domain Label Plain-text equivalent of the desired annotation for a feature: for example "14 Ma", or "^c" which (when used with the FGDC GeoAge font) results in the geologic map-unit label TRc (with TR run together to make the Triassic symbol). GeMS Unrepresentable domain DataSourceIDSource of data; foreign key to table DataSources.GeMS das002 this work This report das005 Beach-ridge development and lake-level variation in southern Lake Michigan Producer defined Notes Additional information specific to a particular feature or table entry. GeMS Unrepresentable domain. Free text. Values of <null> or #null indicate no entry. GeologicLines_ID Primary key. GeMS Arbitrary string. Values should be unique within this database. Shape_Length Internal feature length, double ESRI Unrepresentable domain Indiana Geological and Water Survey mailing and physical

1001 E. 10th St.

Bloomington Indiana 47405-1405 US 8128557636 IGWSInfo@iu.edu COPYRIGHT 2024 THE TRUSTEES OF INDIANA UNIVERSITY, INDIANA GEOLOGICAL AND WATER SURVEY, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED The information on these media is proprietary to Indiana University, Indiana Geological and Water Survey. Any copying, adaptation, distribution, public performance, or public display of this information without the express written consent of Indiana University, Indiana Geological and Water Survey is discouraged. CREDIT Loope, H. M., Antinao, J. L., Jones, C., and Angelos, N. P., 2025, Quaternary geology of the Indiana portions of the Chicago quadrangle and the northern half of the Kankakee 30- by 60-minute quadrangle [Data set]: Indiana Geological and Water Survey, Indiana Journal of Earth Sciences, v. 7, scale 1:100,000. doi: 10.14434/ijes.v7i1.36655 WARRANTY Indiana University, Indiana Geological and Water Survey warrants that the media on which this product is stored will be free from defect in materials and workmanship for ninety (90) days from the date of acquisition. If such a defect is found, return the media to Indiana Geological and Water Survey, 1001 E. 10th St., Bloomington, IN, 47405-1405, and it will be replaced free of charge. LIMITATION OF WARRANTIES AND LIABILITY Except for the expressed warranty above, the product is provided "AS IS," without any other warranties or conditions, expressed or implied, including, but not limited to, warranties for product quality, or suitability to a particular purpose or use. The risk or liability resulting from the use of this product is assumed by the user. Indiana University, Indiana Geological and Water Survey shares no liability with product users indirect, incidental, special, or consequential damages whatsoever, including, but not limited to, loss of revenue or profit, lost or damaged data or other commercial or economic loss. Indiana University, Indiana Geological and Water Survey is not responsible for claims by a third party. The maximum aggregate liability to the original purchaser shall not exceed the amount paid by you for the product. Digital Data https://doi.org/10.14434/v7i1.36655 N/A 2025 Indiana Geological and Water Survey Publication Sales mailing and physical

1001 E. 10th St.

Bloomington IN 47405-1405 US 8128557636 IGWSInfo@iu.edu FGDC Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata FGDC-STD-001-1998 local time